Inicio > Ciencia > Los estudios sobre agujeros negros siguen sorprendiendo

Los estudios sobre agujeros negros siguen sorprendiendo

Los agujeros negros parecen desafiar nuestra comprensión, por lo que no soprende que una vez más los astrofísicos anuncien un descubrimiento sorprendente: los agujeros negros supermasivos de giro retrógrado pueden ser más poderosos y producir jets de gas más feroces que los agujeros negros de giro «normal». Este hallazgo va en contra de muchas teorías formuladas hasta ahora sobre los agujeros negros, pero puede llegar a explicar cuestiones como el por qué algunos agujeros negros no emiten jets.
Los jets alcanzan grandes distancias a partir de los discos de acreción que giran en torno a muchos agujeros negros supermasivos. El agujero negro puede girar, en la misma dirección que el disco (agujeros negros prógrados), o en dirección contraria al disco (agujeros negros retrógrados). Durante décadas, los astrónomos pensaban que cuanto más rápido giraba el agujero negro, más potente era el jet. Pero hubo problemas con las teorías planteadas en este modelo. Por ejemplo, se había observado que algunos agujeros negros progrados no emitían jets.
El astrofísico teórico David Garofalo y sus colegas, han estado estudiando los movimientos de los agujeros negros durante años, y en trabajos anteriores, propusieron que los agujeros negros retrógrados arrojaban jets más potentes, mientras que los agujeros negros progrados tenían chorros más débiles o carecían de ellos.
Su nuevo estudio vincula su teoría con las observaciones de las galaxias a lo largo del tiempo, o a diferentes distancias de la Tierra. Se observaron tanto radiofuentes intensas de jets, como las fuentes débiles de radio y galaxias sin estas emisiones. El término «radio» viene del hecho de que estos chorros particulares disparan haces de luz sobre todo en forma de ondas de radio.
Los resultados mostraron que las galaxias de radio más distantes son alimentadas por agujeros negros retrógrados, mientras que los objetos más cercanos relativamente tranquilos en la región del espectro de las ondas de radio, tienen agujeros negros prógrados. Según el equipo, los agujeros negros supermasivos evolucionan desde un estado retrógrado a uno prógrado.
«Este nuevo modelo también resuelve una paradoja en el paradigma de los discos antiguos,» señaló David Meier, astrofísico teórico del JPL que no participó en el estudio. «Ahora todo encaja perfectamente en su lugar.»
Los científicos dicen que los agujeros negros retrógrados emiten jets más potentes porque hay más espacio entre el agujero negro y el borde interior del disco orbital. Esta diferencia proporciona más espacio para la acumulación de los campos magnéticos, que alimenta los chorros, una idea conocida como la conjetura de Reynolds en honor del astrofísico teórico Chris Reynolds de la Universidad de Maryland, College Park.
«Si te imaginas tratando de acercarte a un ventilador, puedes imaginar que te mueves en la dirección de rotación igual que la del ventilador, esto haría todo más fácil», explicó Garófalo. «El mismo principio se aplica a estos agujeros negros. El material que orbita a su alrededor en un disco se acercará más a los que estén girando en la misma dirección, frente a los que giran en sentido contrario».
Los chorros y los vientos juegan un papel clave en la configuración del destino de las galaxias. Algunas investigaciones muestran que los chorros pueden retrasar e incluso evitar la formación de estrellas no sólo en la propia galaxia anfitriona, sino también en otras galaxias cercanas.
«Los chorros transportan enormes cantidades de energía a las afueras de las galaxias, desplazando grandes volúmenes de gas intergaláctico, y actúan como agentes de retroalimentación entre el centro de la galaxia y el medio ambiente a gran escala» , explicó el miembro del equipo Rita M. Sambruna, del Centro Espacial Goddard. «Comprender su origen es de interés primordial en la actual astrofísica.»
El artículo del equipo se publicó el 27 de mayo en Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Categorías: Ciencia
  1. 28 diciembre 2012 a las 10:14 PM

    Do you have a spam issue on this blog; I also am a
    blogger, and I was curious about your situation; we
    have developed some nice procedures and we are looking to exchange
    techniques with others, be sure to shoot me an email if
    interested.

  2. 20 enero 2013 a las 5:58 PM

    I’m really enjoying the design and layout of your website. It’s
    a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more enjoyable
    for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a
    developer to create your theme? Superb work!

  3. 1 abril 2013 a las 8:52 PM

    Yesterday, while I was at work, my cousin stole my iphone and tested to see if it can survive a 30 foot drop, just
    so she can be a youtube sensation. My apple ipad is
    now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is totally off topic
    but I had to share it with someone!

  4. 3 abril 2013 a las 10:32 PM

    One thing I’d like to say is always that before acquiring more laptop memory, look into the machine in to which it could be installed. If the machine is definitely running Windows XP, for instance, a memory threshold is 3.25GB. Installing greater than this would just constitute just a waste. Be sure that one’s mother board can handle your upgrade amount, as well.
    Interesting blog post.

  5. 1 julio 2013 a las 5:53 PM

    We stumbled over here from a different website and thought I might check things out.

    I like what I see so i am just following you.
    Look forward to looking over your web page repeatedly.

  6. 3 junio 2014 a las 8:44 AM

    I like how I can ask questions on here and get pretty much instant feedback, however I kind of want to be able to just share my general thoughts and ideas and have people comment on them. Does anyone know of a blogging site that could offer me this luxury? Oh, and I don’t want anything where the people that comment on it are people that know me personally, like on tumblr or facebook or something..

  7. 21 junio 2014 a las 8:32 AM

    I need to start up a website but i don’t want to use a free web host. I will be using the website for a webcomic but i’m not sure how to go about it. Can someone help me?.

  8. 22 junio 2014 a las 9:11 PM

    I’m new to blogging and I am using Tumblr. I want to make sure no one obtains my content or background images and pictures. If anyone has any suggestions I would really appreciate it. Thanks!.

  9. 23 junio 2014 a las 5:22 PM

    I just went on Blogspot and made a blog, I want to make it for invited members only. I’ve seen blogs like that, but I don’t know how to do it myself. I already made it so that my blog isn’t visible from my profile, but I don’t know what to do next..

  10. 25 junio 2014 a las 10:27 PM

    I’m only 15, but i’m trying to raise money to go on a expensive trip next year. I am planning on getting a summer job, but it usually only pays minimum wage. I just want other people’s opinions on whether its safe and a good idea to become a blogger to get money. thanks!.

  11. 26 junio 2014 a las 2:46 PM

    I want to blog about issues I don’t want associating with my ‘work’ self. How do I choose a blog host that has a good anonymity record, in other words, I don’t want it to be easy for people to match up my IP address or access my personal details.. Also, having set the blog up, how do you encourage high volume visitors?. I’ve only used LJ before and I want to try something a bit different, but anonymity is the biggest issue for me. Would welcome suggestions of good free blog hosts..

  12. 28 junio 2014 a las 11:01 AM

    We want to start our own blog page together on blogspot, but I just thought about us having our own separate google accounts. How can we start a blog page together where it’ll be easier for both of us to log on besides just using one person’s google account?.

  13. 28 junio 2014 a las 2:37 PM

    Hi. A few days ago I read somewhere that there is a website that has movies/songs etc for free downloading and they are not copyrighted. I forgot the name of the website. I think there was the word ‘nation’ in it, but I am not sure. Does anyone know about it? Thanks..

  14. 29 junio 2014 a las 6:28 AM

    Where or what would I have to do? And what’s the cost?.

  15. wtiudectlca@gmail.com
    29 junio 2014 a las 4:52 PM

    My home computer is hooked up to a router. I would like to have access to my home computer’s webcam through my work computer. . My home computer is hooked up through a DSL modem and is always on.. My work computer obviously has access to the Internet..

  16. 29 junio 2014 a las 7:08 PM

    I’ve a WordPress blog with Arras theme. This site strangely shows different on different computers. On some computers, I see all 3 columsn, on other PC, I see only 1. On other PCs, some wiered things. Please somebody help me..

  17. 29 junio 2014 a las 7:11 PM

    I wonder why those servers with copyrighted content stay up. I see a lot of «don’t post any US content» but they don’t care at all about content from japan.. . Is it just that Japan doesn’t care much about their copyright laws?. . It is hundreds or maybe even thousands of servers with content from Japan but they only get DMCA warnings for US material or something that got translated by a US company.. . They also often have some content on their website, like images or small archives..

  18. 29 junio 2014 a las 10:58 PM

    I’m looking to spike my journalistic career and thought that a blog might be a good idea. But I also know that there are ways to set up a paypal account attached to the blog for payment to read it or donate. I guess I was inspired by the movie Julia and Julie and I want to do it on my own. Any ideas on how to get started?.

  19. xoyrbxjv@gmail.com
    29 junio 2014 a las 11:12 PM

    I’m trying to use software to erase the information on my old computer before donating it. The mouse is not working on the computer. I’ve tried another mouse on the computer and it still will not work. I need to reboot my computer in order to start the disc wiper. Is there a way of rebooting my computer without a mouse? Thanks so much!.

  20. 30 junio 2014 a las 12:37 PM

    When trying to publish a book wouldn’t you protect your story or content with a copyright?

  21. bvkvnxjujg@gmail.com
    30 junio 2014 a las 4:14 PM

    I have two computers: I call one the «good» computer — it has two monitors. The other is my «junk» computer with one screen where I download a lot of stuff to it.. . If I wanted to continue using both computers but only with the dual monitors, what would I need to buy? Is there some sort of splitter I can buy that will allow me to switch between each CPU? Where can I buy one if it does in fact exist? Will I still be able to use one mouse and keyboard?.

  22. 4 julio 2014 a las 3:41 PM

    How do delete wikipedia’s featured article that contains copyright violation?

  23. 4 julio 2014 a las 7:04 PM

    Wow! That’s an interesting slant.

  24. 6 julio 2014 a las 1:32 AM

    I recently did a system restore on my computer and have yet to reload my antivirus software. Apparently somewhere along the process something called Antivi took over my computer and I can’t do anything, not even get to my task manager to end the program. Any advice?.

  25. 6 julio 2014 a las 4:07 PM

    I’m interested in making my own music blog and I’m constantly looking through many music blogs throughout the day finding new music first before other people that I know. But how exactly do those blogs find that music first? Can I really start by just posting the music I find on other blogs?.

  26. 7 julio 2014 a las 6:13 AM

    I’m planning to start website where people can post projects and buy projects. Do you think it is a good idea?

  27. 8 julio 2014 a las 5:17 AM

    What do people think would be a good blog hosting website for creating a blog on? There are a lot I think so I don’t know which would be most useful and versatile..

  28. 8 julio 2014 a las 11:32 AM

    Hello.. . I would be grateful for advice on creative writing copywright issues.. . When submitting poetry, short stories, novels, or features to publishers and literary agents to consider for publication, is it an idea to protect the copywright?. . If so, what’s the best way to do this?. . Thank you in advance.. . bgscotty.

  29. xoyrbxjv@gmail.com
    9 julio 2014 a las 1:38 PM

    so basically, i want to down;oad one of those programs that makes ur mouse pointer cool, but i don’t want it to screw up my computer.. . what’s a good one?.

  30. 10 julio 2014 a las 8:12 PM

    What’s up with the new WordPress dashboard??? I don’t know how to work it!!!.

  31. 12 julio 2014 a las 7:16 PM

    I have the game and when I tried it on my computer, it was all broken up and crappy. I’m thinking of buying a new computer anyway. Does anyone know of a computer where the game works well?.

  32. 13 julio 2014 a las 12:00 AM

    I’m new to blogspot and I’m having a difficult time. How can I change the background to a picture I want?.

  33. xoyrbxjv@gmail.com
    13 julio 2014 a las 9:08 AM

    I never installed any copyright stuff online/offline. I know what i did or not. i just want to remove this warning from my computer but don’t know how. can anyone help me??.

  34. 17 julio 2014 a las 9:24 PM

    I just arrived in Chiang Mai. I wanted to post on my blog, at Blogspot, but all of the headings are now in Thai, not English. Is the problem with my computer, or the hotel’s wi-fi service, or what? How can I get things back to English again?.

  35. 21 julio 2014 a las 7:47 PM

    I want to know how to get the CSS code for rounded corners for my header, post background, and sidebar background! It’s for my blogspot blog. PLEASE tell me how to get the css code!.

  36. 31 julio 2014 a las 10:18 AM

    I’m looking to start a food blog and i would like for my friends to be able to log on and comment through their facebook accounts so they don’t need to make an account on the chosen blogging site to comment. What are some FREE blogging sites that allow you to use your facebook to comment?.

  37. mwjminjmql@gmail.com
    16 agosto 2014 a las 9:27 AM

    I’ve mistakenly changed my admin priveleges on one of my blogs to «guest». I need the blogger people to restore it. I cannot find an actual email or contact form anywhere, and I’ve googled everything, including the Blogger Group on Google Groups, where they try to push everyone who needs support. I would gladly pay them for better service..

  38. 22 agosto 2014 a las 10:09 AM

    It used to show at the top of my start list until I downloaded google chrome to see what it was all about, I didn’t really like it so I deleted it but now firefox isnt at the top of start. Any ideas?.

  39. 12 abril 2017 a las 10:59 PM

    Every code I try either leaves a large blank at the top of the page, or at the bottom of the page. Its clearly that snippet causing it.. I’ve tried a whole lot of snippets trying to hide the forums & widespread articles, however they all leave a blank\cf2 cf2 either at the top or at the bottom.. Anybody got any that doesnt create the blank? Or how to delete thewhite gap?.

  40. 4 julio 2017 a las 12:42 PM

    Pretty great post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to mention that I have really enjoyed surfing around
    your blog posts. In any case I will be subscribing to your feed and I’m
    hoping you write once more soon!

  41. 25 junio 2018 a las 5:35 AM

    Admiring the time and energy you put into your website and
    detailed information you provide. It’s good to come
    across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same outdated rehashed information. Excellent read!
    I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m including your RSS feeds to my Google account.

  42. 13 agosto 2018 a las 5:20 PM

    You can definitely see your enthusiasm within the work
    you write. The sector hopes for even more passionate writers like you who are not afraid to say how they believe.
    At all times go after your heart.

  43. 20 noviembre 2018 a las 7:02 PM

    Hello colleagues, how is everything, and what you would like to
    say regarding this paragraph, in my view its truly remarkable in support of me.

  1. 8 agosto 2014 a las 11:28 AM
  2. 1 enero 2015 a las 4:42 PM
  3. 13 abril 2015 a las 1:11 AM
  4. 20 abril 2015 a las 1:06 PM
  5. 6 febrero 2016 a las 10:04 PM
  6. 24 febrero 2016 a las 10:48 PM
  7. 28 abril 2016 a las 2:20 PM
  8. 9 May 2016 a las 10:21 PM
  9. 24 agosto 2016 a las 1:11 PM
  10. 2 julio 2018 a las 2:32 AM

Replica a ztzhbxczqp@gmail.com Cancelar la respuesta